US House passes $1.15 trillion defence bill with expanded Israel ties

The United States House of Representatives has passed a record $1.15 trillion defence policy bill, expanding military cooperation with Israel. The National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) cleared the chamber despite deep divisions over policy toward Iran and domestic political battles.

Record spending and key provisions

The bill, which sets Pentagon spending for the upcoming fiscal year, is the largest in American history. It includes significant increases in funds for weapons systems, troop pay, and readiness programmes.

A central component of the legislation deepens military ties with Israel. The bill authorises expanded joint exercises, technology sharing, and missile defence cooperation. Lawmakers backing the measure said it reinforces Washington's commitment to Israel's security.

Iran policy sparks debate

The passage came amid sharp disagreements over how to handle Iran. Some members of Congress pushed for language that would restrict the President's ability to lift sanctions or negotiate a new nuclear deal. Others argued for a more diplomatic approach.

Critics of the bill warned that its provisions could escalate tensions in West Asia. They pointed to increased military aid for Israel as a potential flashpoint. Supporters countered that the measures are defensive in nature and necessary to counter Iranian influence.

Domestic political standoff

The bill advanced despite a broader standoff over former President Donald Trump's voter agenda. Lawmakers clashed over amendments related to election integrity and voting access, with some Republicans demanding provisions that Democrats said would suppress turnout.

This political fight delayed the vote but did not derail the overall package. House leaders from both parties ultimately rallied enough votes to pass the NDAA, a must-pass bill that has become law for over six decades.

Opponents of the bill also raised concerns about the sheer size of military spending. Some progressives argued the funds would be better spent on domestic priorities like healthcare and infrastructure. The Pentagon's budget has grown steadily over the past decade, with this year's figure representing a significant jump.

What happens next

The bill now moves to the Senate, where it faces further debate and possible amendments. Senators from both parties have signalled they want to make changes, particularly on provisions related to Israel and Iran.

If the Senate passes a different version, a conference committee will have to reconcile the two bills before it can be sent to the President for signature. The White House has not yet taken a formal position on the current House version.

Observers expect the final law to retain the core defence spending levels and the expanded Israel cooperation, though the exact contours remain fluid. The legislative process is likely to stretch into the autumn, with a final vote expected before the end of the fiscal year.