Centre sends expert team to probe Chandipura virus outbreak in Gujarat, Rajasthan

NEW DELHI: The Centre has rushed a National Joint Outbreak Response Team to Gujarat and Rajasthan as part of an intensified multi-institutional investigation into the Chandipura virus outbreak, which has already claimed the lives of at least 22 children in Gujarat this monsoon season.

The deployment follows a directive from the Union Health Ministry, which is coordinating with state authorities to contain the spread of the virus. The team includes epidemiologists, virologists, and public health specialists drawn from central institutions, tasked with on-ground assessment and support to the affected states.

What is the Chandipura virus?

Chandipura virus is a vector-borne pathogen transmitted by sandflies, known to cause encephalitis-like symptoms, particularly in children. The infection can progress rapidly, leading to fever, convulsions, and altered consciousness, often resulting in high mortality if not treated early.

Gujarat's Health Minister confirmed that 22 children have died in the state alone this monsoon, underscoring the severity of the current outbreak. Rajasthan has also reported suspected cases, prompting the Centre's swift response.

Centre's response and coordination

The National Joint Outbreak Response Team will work alongside state health departments to conduct epidemiological surveillance, identify clusters, and ensure timely clinical management. The team will also assist in vector control measures and community awareness campaigns to prevent further transmission.

The Union Health Ministry has been in constant touch with Gujarat and Rajasthan administrations, reviewing the situation daily. Central teams are also assessing hospital preparedness, availability of paediatric intensive care units, and logistical support for rapid diagnosis.

Multi-institutional probe

Besides the deployed team, a multi-institutional investigation has been launched, involving research bodies such as the National Institute of Virology and the Indian Council of Medical Research. The probe aims to trace the virus's genetic sequence, understand transmission dynamics, and evaluate environmental factors contributing to the outbreak.

Officials have not yet confirmed whether the outbreak is linked to specific climatic conditions or changes in sandfly populations. The findings are expected to guide long-term preventive strategies.

Public health measures in affected states

In Gujarat, health authorities have ramped up surveillance in rural and tribal belts, where the virus is more prevalent. Door-to-door health checks are being conducted in affected villages, and awareness drives are emphasising the use of mosquito nets and repellents.

Rajasthan has similarly activated its health machinery, with district collectors instructed to report suspected cases immediately. Both states have been advised to maintain adequate stocks of essential medicines and intravenous fluids for supportive care.

While no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment exists for Chandipura virus, early supportive care significantly improves survival odds. The Centre has urged private hospitals to report cases without delay and to follow standard infection control protocols.

What to watch

With the monsoon continuing, the risk of further spread remains. The central team's findings over the next few weeks will be critical in shaping containment measures and preparing for potential outbreaks in neighbouring states. The ICMR's genetic analysis is also expected to reveal whether this strain differs from previously known ones, which could influence future public health responses.